There are of course many Souths; but for this discussion the most important division is between those who have been reconstructed and those who haven't. My definition of this much abused adjective is that a reconstructed rebel is one who is glad that the North won the War. Nobody knows how many Southerners there are in this category. I suspect that there are far more unreconstructed ones than the North likes to believe. I never heard of a poll being taken on the question. No doubt such a thing would be considered unpatriotic. Prior to 1954 I imagine that a majority of Southerners would have voted against the Confederacy. Since the Supreme Court's decision of that year this is more doubtful; and if a poll had been taken immediately following the dispatch of troops to Little Rock I believe the majority would have been for the Old South.

Belief in the traditional way of life persists much more in the older states than in the new ones. Probably a larger percentage of Virginians and South Carolinians remain unreconstructed than elsewhere, with Georgia, North Carolina, and Alabama following along after them. Old attitudes are held more tenaciously in the Tidewater than the Piedmont; so that a line running down the length of the South marking the upper limits of tidewater would roughly divide the Old South from the new, but with, of course, important minority enclaves.

The long settled areas of states like Virginia and South Carolina developed the ante-bellum culture to its richest flowering, and there the memory is more precious, and the consciousness of loss the greater. Also, we should not even to-day discount the fact that a region such as the coastal lowlands centering on Charleston had closer ties with England and the West Indies than with the North even after independence. The social and psychological consequences of this continue to affect the area. In certain respects defeat increased the persistent Anglophilia of the Old South. Poor where they had once been rich, humbled where they had been arrogant, having no longer any hope of sharing in the leadership of the nation, the rebels who would not surrender in spirit drew comfort from the sympathy they felt extended to them by the mother country. And no doubt many people in states like the Carolinas and Georgia, which were among the most Tory in sentiment in the eighteenth century, bitterly regretted the revolt against the Crown.